Fluid-pressure turbine.



A. W. CLARKE.

FLUID PRESSURE TURBINE. A'PPLwATIoN FILED DEO.29,1909.

WITNE INVENTOR.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ATHOL W'ILFRID CL ARKE, OF MANCHESTER-,ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE CGLONIAL TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE, OF PITTSBURGH, PENN- SYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1912.

Application filed December 29, 1909. Serial No. 535,524.

To all whom :it may concern:

Be it known that I, A'riioL iVnirnn) CLARKE, a subject of the King of Great vl-h'itain, and a resident of Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, have u'iade'a new and useful Invention in Improvements in oi- Relatingto Fluid-Pressure Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fluid pressure turbines and has for its object to provide an improved arrangement for securing the blades or vanes by ineansof spacing pieces in grooves in the rotor or stator of H18; chines of this description.

According to my invention I provide each blade or vane with one or more wedgeshaped projections formed integrally there with near the root thereof adapted to engage with corresponding recesses formed in the spacing pieces next adjacent, the spacing pieces being secured in slots in the rotor or stator in any suitable manner.

In the accompanying drawings in which corresponding parts are indicated by the same nun'ierals, Figure l is a plan View of a blade or vane constructed in accordance with this invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the blade or vane illustrated in Fig. 1.; Fig. 3 is a view in side elevation, partly sectional, of a. portion of a blade or vane and a spacing piece constructed in accord ance with the invention; Fig. t is a plan .view of the blade or vane and the spacing piece illustrated in Fig. 3; Fig. o is a view in front: elevation, part ly sectional, showing one arrangement for securing the blades or vanes and. spacing pieces within slotsin the stator or rotor; Fig. 6 is a. perspective view of a modified form of a blade or vane constructed in accordance with this invention; Fig. 7 is a plan view of the blade or vane illustrated in Fig. (3; Fig. 8 is a view in side elevation, partlysectional, showing the blade or vane illustrated in Fig. 7 and a spacing piece assembled; Fig. 9 is aplan View of the blade or vane and spacing piece illustrated in Fig. 8; and Fig. 10 is a view in frontelevation, partly sectional, illus trating one arrangement for securing the blade or vane illustrated in Fig. 7 in a slot in the stator or IOtQI'r Referring now to Figs. 1 to 4., the blade or vane 1 is shown provided with a projection 2 formed integrally therewith. The projection 2 is wedge shaped with its widest portion at the root of the blade and is adapted to engage with corresponding recesses 3 fornied in the spacing pieces 4.

A convenient method of securing the blades or vanes and spacing pieces in the groove in the stator or rotor consists in providing a rectangular projection on one or both sides of the groove adapted to engage with corresponding recesscs in the distance pieces or in the blades or vanes and distance pieces. This arrangement is illustrated in Fig. 5 in which the rectangular projections 5 are shown formed on the walls of groove 6 in the stator or rotor engaging with corresponding recesses 7 formed in the blades or vanes and distance pieces.

In the modification illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9, the blade or vane shown provided with two projections S, 8, one at each edge of the blade, and the spacing pieces 4 instead ot-being provided with-a single recess are provided with two recesses 9, 9 located at opposite sides of the spacing pieces.

The blades or vanes may be made in any suitable manner. A convenient method of producing the projections consists in drawing the blade or vane with a rib extending from one end of the blade to the other, and subsequently i'nachining oil that portion which would project above "the distance pieces when the blades or vanes are in position, the remaining portion being wedge shaped with its widestportion at the root of the blade. The spacing pieces may be formed in any suitable manner, but on that side which is to receive the projection or projectionson the blade or vane a groove or grooves is or are made to exactly lit the pro ject-ion or projections on the blades or vanes. When the projections on the blades or the recesses in the spacing pieces are being formed, allowance may be made for the variation in, the pitch of the blades or vanes or in the angle of inclination between the blades or vanes of the rotors or stators at. (litlerent radii, thus insuring a. perfect fit between each blade and spacing piece.

The blade or vane illustrated in Figs. 6 to formed in the blade or vane and spacing piece in a manner similar to that hereinabove descrlbed with reference to Fig. 5.

Although in both cases which Ijhave illustrated the projections upon the blades or vanes are shown formed on the convex side of the blade, it will be understood that these rojections may be formed equally well upon the concave side of the blade or vane irrespective of whether a single projection is employed on each blade or vane located in the center of the blade, or whether two 'projections are employed one ateach edge of the blade or vane. Moreover, although I have shown the blades or yanes and spacing pieces secured in a groove in the rotor or stator by means of rectangular projections .on the sides of said groove adapted to engage with corresponding recesses in the distance pieces, the invention is not limited in this respect, since the blades and distance pieces may be secured in a slot or groove in any other suitable manner.

It will be apparent from the foregoing description that when the distance pieces and blades are in position in the rotor or stator, it is impossible to withdraw the blade or vane without destroying the projection andsince the depth of the projection or projections corresponds substantially to the depth of the slot or groove in which the blades or vanes are secured, it may have a cross sectional area equal to that of the blade or vane and may therefore be as strong asthe blade or vane.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to beperformed, I declare that what I claim 1s:

1. In a turbine a blade carrying element having slots therein, blades and spacing pieces in the slots, andprojections' on the 1 blades, the width of said projections being less than the width ofthe blades and the and spacing pieces in the slots, and wedge shaped projections on the convex portions of the blades to engage corresponding recesses in the spacing pieces,said wedge shaped projections being thickest at the bases of the blades.

3. In a turbine a blade carrying element having a slot, blades and spacing pieces in the slot, and a longitudinally disposed wedge shaped projection on one of said elements.

and engaging a .recess in the other element,

said wedge havin is its length extending lengthwise of the b ade.

4:. A turbine blading having a wedge shaped projection on its convex face, the

length of the projection extending length- Wise of the blade.

5. A turbine blade having a wedge shaped .projection on its convex face, the length of the wedge extending lengthwise of the blade and having its thickestportion' at the base of the blade.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribedniy name this 16th day of December 1909. 1

i ATHOL-WILFRID CLARKE. ,Wit-nesses:

JAs. STEWA T Bnoenroo'r, H. R. Kirson'. 

